There are very few studies on the functional success of the endoscopic ossiculoplasty.

Incus interposition and bone cement utilization were evaluated unlike the previous studies.

Endoscopic approach in various ossiculoplasties is reliable as the microscopic one.

Type of ossiculoplasty has no effect on the functional success of either approach.

Study with 15 individuals of both sexes, with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), and mean age of 65.7 years.

Most of the subjects in this study had severe COPD, reduced HGS, balanced BMI, normal swallowing, and longer PTT.

A significant, albeit weak, correlation was obtained between PTT and ND-HGS.

The HGS variables and HGS asymmetry were not enough to be considered a risk for abnormal swallowing.

The facial nerve may not be routinely dissected in minimally invasive parotid surgery.

Facial nerve stimulator might be used as a navigation tool to estimate the distance to the nerve.

The distance to the nerve can be predicted by increasing the stimulus intensity.

The facial nerve is stimulated from an average of 2.20 ± 0.76 mm (range 1–3 mm) when the stimulus intensity is 1 mA.

Distance to the major branches of the facial nerve can also be predicted with the stimulator.

Radiofrequency turbinate reduction gives more clinical improvement in persistent allergic rhinitis.

Radiofrequency turbinate reduction reduces pathological remodeling marker (MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio).

Radiofrequency turbinate reduction might be suggested as one of the adjuvant therapies for moderate-severe persistent AR.

IGF-1 is responsible for significant effects on neuroplasticity.

Mesenchymal stem cells influence morphological nerve regeneration.

The association of IGF-1 and mesenchymal stem cells promotes results in facial nerve regeneration.

Metagenomics can be used for microbiota identification on pediatric tracheostomy cannula.

Microbiome of pediatric tracheostomy cannulas are highly variable.

Microbiome did not correlate to any particular clinical characteristic.

The translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Reflux Symptom Score-12 into Brazilian Portuguese was carried out.

The Brazilian Portuguese Reflux Symptom Score-12 showed good level of understanding by the patients.

Linguistic and content equivalence was observed in relation to the original Reflux Symptom Score-12.

Endoscopic percutaneous suture lateralization is an effective and safe treatment for bilateral vocal fold paralysis.

89% of our cases were able to avoid tracheostomy without significant impact on the function of swallowing or phonation.

The nondestructive nature and simplicity of ESPL is valuable.

Copy Number Alterations (CNAs) was investigated in specimens of Reinke’s Edema (RE).

Microarray analysis revealed different rare CNAs in six of eight RE cases evaluated.

Four RE samples presented CNAs encompassing genes related to cancer development.

Cluster headache is a primary trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia.

Invasive therapies have been reported and can be medication-sparing.

The sphenopalatine ganglion is implicated in autonomic cephalalgias.

We describe a new technique for sphenopalatine ganglion neurostimulation.

Endoscopy-guided percutaneous access adds precision and should reduce morbidity.

Post caloric recruitment index is the ratio between cold and warm stimulation.

Post caloric recruitment index is useful to identify the affected ear separately.

Video head impulse test did not prove to be a good predictor of post caloric recruitment.

Thiamine is very important for both pregnancy and the continuation of pregnancy.

Even though ABR is normal, degeneration occurs in IHC even if the thiamine deficiency is compensated with thiamine supplementation in the postnatal period.

If the thiamine deficiency continues in the perinatal period also in the postnatal period, significant deterioration in ABR and significant degeneration in IHC occur.

If there is no deficiency in the perinatal period, but thiamine deficiency occurs in the postnatal period, there is no degeneration in the hair cells.

However, more studies are needed to support this issue

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the rate of vertigo and exacerbated it.

Health anxiety levels are higher in vertigo patients.

There is a causal/trigger relationship between the current pandemic and coronavirus anxiety.

Vertigo patients have a high rate of anxiety disorder.

CRSwNP is type 2 inflammatory response with infiltration of eosinophils and high postoperative recurrence rate.

Tissue LST1 mRNA levels were significantly elevated in the CRSwNP group, especially in the recurrent CRSwNP group.

Tissue LST1 mRNA levels might be a reliable and useful method for predicting the postoperative recurrence of CRSwNP.

Airway reflux, a form of extra-esophageal reflux, has been linked to countless respiratory pathologies amongst children.

Review of the literature revealed that non-acid reflux is the culprit behind airway reflux and other myriads of extra-esophageal manifestations in children.

Non-acid reflux explains the exasperation faced by numerous otorhinolaryngologists following the futile outcome of devout usage of acid suppression in children to treat airway reflux.

A recent surge in the implementation of multichannel intraluminal impedance monitoring amongst children has enabled the discovery of non-acid reflux.

Multicentre international studies with a standardized protocol could improve scientific knowledge in managing non-acid reflux in airway reflux amongst children.

A selection of recent RCT studies on salivary pepsin diagnosis.

50 ng/mL is the current threshold for high diagnostic efficacy of salivary pepsin.

Current salivary pepsin has a low diagnostic efficacy for pepsin.

Increasing the diagnostic threshold improves diagnostic efficacy of salivary pepsin.

Weight loss promotes an increase in the area of the retropalatal region, especially in the lateral pharyngeal region.

There is volumetric reduction of several soft structures of the pharynx, with emphasis on fat and tongue fat deposits.

The airway height decreased, moving the hyoid closer to the posterior nasal spine and reducing the distance between hyoid to chin.

Few studies with a good level of scientific evidence objectively describe the changes in the airways caused by weight loss.